The serotonin receptors, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors or 5-HT receptors, are a group of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and ligand - gated ion channels (LGICs) found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. They mediate both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission.
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) And Its Types
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) And Its Types
The serotonin receptors are activated by the neurotransmitter serotonin, which acts as their natural ligand. The serotonin receptors modulate the release of many neurotransmitters, including glutamate, GABA, dopamine, epinephrine / norepinephrine, and acetylcholine, as well as many hormones, including oxytocin , prolactin , vasopressin, cortisol , corticotropin, and substance P, among others.
The serotonin receptors influence various biological and neurological processes such as aggression, anxiety, appetite, cognition, learning, memory, mood, nausea, sleep, and thermo-regulation. The serotonin receptors are the target of a variety of pharmaceutical drugs, including many antidepressants, anti-psychotics, anorectics, anti-emetics, gastroprokinetic agents, anti-migraine agents, hallucinogens, and entactogens.
Screening Methods Of 5-HT Receptors:
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| Families Of 5-HT Receptors Screening |
Antagonist, Agonist And Function Pharmacological Uses Of 5-HT Receptors:
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| Antagonist, Agonist And Function Pharmacological Uses Of 5-HT Receptors |
RECENT RESEARCH OF SEROTONIN RECEPTOR / 5-HT RECEPTORS
The serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonists which bind at the type 3 receptor (5-HT3 receptor), have been evaluated in several pre clinical modals and found to be effective in allevating cancer therapy – related emesis. The anti-emetic efficacy of ondansetron (GRF-38032F, ondanserin).
Recent advances in understanding the role of serotonin is gastrointestinal motility in functional bowel disorders alterations in 5-HT signalling and metabolism in human disease. Serotonin is present in abundance within the gut, most stored in enterochromaffin cell granules. It is released by mucosal stroking released 5-Htstimulates local enteric nervous reflexes to initiate secretion and propulsive motility.
It also acts on vagal afferent altering motility and in large amounts induces nausea.
Rapid re uptake by a specific transporter (serotonin transporter, SERT) limits diffusion and actions abnormally increasing 5-HT is found in a range of gastrointestinal disorders induced nausea and vomiting.
Recent advances in electro-physiological characterization of 5-HT receptor
5-HT receptors are ligand-gated cation -selective ion channels, mediating membrane depolarization and neuronal excitation. Established and potential therapeutic application of selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonists coupled with the localization of this receptor sub-type within discrete areas of the CNS have resulted in an intensification of research in this area.
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