Saturday, November 24, 2018

How to Produce Vomiting and Emetics Drug With Their Mechanism Of Action

/ by  / in / with No comments /

Emetics are agents that induce and produce the vomiting by  stimulation of vomiting center present in medulla oblongata. Those agents are mainly used in poison case and taken  orally over dose.

Pathogenesis of Vomiting Occurring / How to produce emetics or Vomiting


Multiple pathways are involved in induce vomiting. Vomiting center is present in medulla oblongata that received the impulse and induces vomiting. Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and Nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) are send the impulse to Vomiting Center for cause vomiting.

Vomiting center is received impulse in various way, these are follows:       

1) Chemoreceptor trigger zone(CTZ):


Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) is located in the area postrema near to vomiting center in medulla oblongata. CTZ is utside of blood brain barrier. Many poisons and drugs are present in blood, which can entered CTZ and stimulated it (CTZ). That can generate the impulse and send to the vomiting center and vomiting induces. Chemo word comes from chemotherapy, which mainly induces vomiting due to chemotherapy.  CTZ express various receptors eg. Dopamine D2 receptor, Histamine H1 receptor, serotonin 5-HT3 receptor, opioid ยต receptor and cholinergic M receptor.

2) Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS):


Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) received the impulse from gastrointestinal tract (GIT), throat and other viscera. NTS send to impulse vomiting center and induce vomiting. NTS is located near vomiting center in medulla oblongata. NTS express a variety of receptor such as: serotonin 5-HT3 receptor, dopamine D2 receptor, cholinergic M receptor and histamine H1 receptor.

3) Vestibular Apparatus:


Vestibular apparatus generate impulse when equilibrium imbalance or body rotate or balance disturb. Than these impulse which generated in the vestibular apparatus send to the vomiting center and vomiting induce. Cause vomiting due to motion sickness.

4) Cerebral Cortex:


Cerebral cortex can induce vomiting due to pain, bad smell/odor, sight, psychogenic stimuli.Cerebral cortex is higher center to direct simulate the vomiting center and cause vomiting.
Vomiting, vomiting during pregnancy, vomiting meaning, vomiting reasons, vomiting cure, vomiting types, vomiting during periods, vomiting symtoms, what to take to stop vomiting, adult throwing up after eating, unexplained frequent bouts of vomiting, causes of chronic vomiting, home remedies for vomiting, stop vomiting medicine over counter, dog vomiting yellow bile, feeling nausea but not vomiting, emetics pdf, emetics ppt, emetic drug, emetics example, emetics, emetics meaning, emetics medicines, emetics sher slide,chemoreceptor trigger zone location, chemoreceptor trigger zone nausea, vomiting center of brain, physiology of vomiting, chemoreceptor trigger zone ctz, vomiting center in medulla, nausea center in the brain, chemoreceptor trigger zone definition, nucleus tractus solitarii, nucleus tractus solitarius function, nucleus tractus solitarius cardiovascular, nucleus tractus solitarius function, nucleus tractus solitarius cardiovascular, nucleus tractus solitarius vomiting, nucleus tractus solitarius pronunciation, nucleus tractus solitarius anatomy, solitary tract, nucleus of the solitary tract, rostral nucleus solitarius, nucleus tractus solitarius location, solitary nucleus, vestibular apparatus ppt, vestibular apparatus and ld, vestibular apparatus of ear, vestibular apparatus function, vestibular apparatus role in balance, vestibular apparatus modern mechanism pdf, How does the vestibular system work?, What is vestibular disorder?, How does our sense of balance work?, Where is the vestibular system?, function of the vestibular system, vestibular disorders in adults, vestibular system definition, vestibular receptors enable one to balance, vestibular apparatus in dogs, vestibular apparatus contains receptors for, how does the vestibular system work, anatomy of the vestibular system, emetic drug, emetic drug list, emetic drug example, emetic drug crossword, emetic drugs slide share, emetic drugs classification, emetic drugs list for humans, How do antiemetics work?, What are some antiemetic drugs?, What Medicine helps with nausea?, What does antiemetic mean?, emetic drug list, over the counter emetic drugs, anti emetics drugs, types of emetics, emetic drug side effects, medication for nausea, anti nausea medications, where to buy emetics, mechanism of drug action, emetic drug list, drug mechanism of action list, basic mechanism of actions of drugs, anti emetics drugs, antiviral drugs mechanism of action, know the mechanisms of drug action, drug mechanism of action chart, mechanism of action of apomorphine,
Pathagenosis Of emetic or mode of vomiting/ emesis/ emetic or pathway of emetic/vomiting or vomiting produce pathway or signaling pathway for causing vomiting 

Emetic Drugs


1) Apomorphine
2) Ipecacuanha

Apomorphine


Apomorphine is a derivative of morphine which acts as dopamine D2 agonist on the CTZ. Oral dose of apomorphine cannot produce any action.  It produced response by taking intramuscular or subcutaneous route.

Apomorphine Contraindicated:


1) Unconscious patient
2) Respiration depressant
3) CNS stimulant drug poising
4) Corrosive (acid , alkali) poising

Ipecacuanha


Ipecacuanha is source of dried root of “Cephaelis ipecacuanha”. It contains the emetins that used as emetic agents. It produces action by irritating gastric mucosa and also by CTZ.

Ipecacunha Contraindicated:


1) Corrosive (acid, alkali) poisoning
2) Unconscious patient

0 comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)