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| White Blood Cells |
Most of WBCs live for a few hours to a few days.WBCs are classified into two parts –
- Granular white blood cells
- Agranular white blood cells
Granular white blood cells
Those cells are containing specific chemical filled cytoplasmic vesicles that are visible staining when viewed through a light microscope.Granular white blood cells can be classified as follow-
Neutrophil
Neutrophil are neutrophilic or neutral loving. Neutrophil are 60- 70 % of all WBCs. Neutrophol size is about 10-12µm in diameter. Cytoplasm has very fine and contains pale granules. The nucleus has 2 to 5 lobes each lobe connected by thin strands of nuclear material (chromatin).Function of neutrophil
Neutrophil has a vital role in phagocytosis. Phagocytosis is a process of killing bacteria. Kill or destruction of bacterias with lysosomes and strong oxidants such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.Eosinophil
The total number of eosinophil in blood is about 2-4 % of all WBCs. These size are about 10-12µm in diameter. Nucleus has 2 lobes connected with thin strands of nuclear material Eosinophil is large and uniform sized granules. Eosinophil are acidic loving. They granules stain red-orange with acidic dye.Function of eosinophil
- Fight effect of histamine in allergic reactions.
- Destroy certain parasitic worms.
Basophil
Basophil are about 0.5-1% off all WBCs. These size are 8-10µm in diameter. Nucleus has two lobes connected with thin strand of chromatin. Basophil are base loving. They granules stain blue-purple with basic dyes.Functions of basophil
Discharge histamine, heparin and serotonin in allergic reactions which produce inflammatory response.Agranular White blood cells
Granules are not visible under a light microscope because of their poor staining quality and tiny size.These are classified into two part :
Lymphocyte
Lymphocytes are about 20-25% of all WBCs Large lymphocytes are 10-14µm in diameter. Small lymphocytes are 6-9µm in diameter. The nucleus is round and slightly indented. The cytoplasm stains sky blue.Function of lymphocytes
- Natural killer cells attack wide variety of infectious microbes.
- B cells develop into plasma cells which secrete antibodies.
- T cells attack cancer cells, viruses and transplanted tissue cells.
Monocytes
Monocytes are about 3-8% of all WBCs. There are 12-20µm in diameter. Monocyte nucleus is horseshoe or kidney shaped. The cytoplasm stains blue-gray.Function of monocytes
- Phagocytosis.
Type
of WBCs
|
Number
|
Size
|
Nucleus
|
Stains
|
Functions
|
Granular white blood cells
1)
Neutrophils
2)
Eosinophil
3)
Basophil
|
60-70%
2-4
%
0.5-1%
|
10-12µm
10-12µm
8-10µm
|
Nucleus
has 2-5 lobes connected with thin strands of chromatin
Nucleus
has 2 lobes connected with thin strands of chromatin
Nucleus
has two lobes connected with thin strand of chromatin
|
Pale
Red-orange
with acidic dye
Blue-purple
with basic dyes
|
·
Phagocytosis
·
Destruction of bacterias with lysosomes and strong
oxidants such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.
·
Fight effect of histamine in allergic reactions.
·
Destroy certain parasitic worms.
·
Discharge histamine, heparin and serotonin in
allergic reactions which produce inflammatory response
|
Agranular White blood cells
1)
Lymphocyte (B cells, T cells and natural killer cells)
·
Large lymphocyte
·
Small lymphocyte
2)
Monocytes
|
20-25%
3-8%
|
10-14µm
6-9µm
12-20µm
|
Nucleus
is round and slightly indented
Nucleus
is horseshoe or kidney shaped
|
Cytoplasm
stains sky blue
Cytoplasm
stains blue-gray
|
·
Natural killer cells attack wide variety of
infectious microbes.
·
B cells develop into plasma cells which secrete
antibodies.
·
T cells attack cancer cells, viruses and
transplanted tissue cells.
·
Phagocytosis
|
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