Cells does not distinguish between radioactive isotopes and stable isotopes because all isotopes have the same number of electrons and thus the same chemical behavior.
Radioactive isotopes can be used to study both the structure and function of particular tissues. For example, radioactive iodine (I-131) can be used to visualize the size, position and activity of the thyroid gland (thyroid scan).
Thallium-201 is used to image the heart (thallium imaging) and to assess adequacy of blood flow to the heart muscle. Various other radioactive isotopes are also used to study bones (bone scan), brain (PET scan), the lungs (lung scan) and the kidneys (kidney scan).
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