Types of Jaundice

Type Of Jaundice

Jaundice is mainly three types -

Pre-Hepatic / Hemolytic Jaundice

Excessive amount of bilirubin is presented to the liver due to excessive haemolysis, in pre-hepatic jaundice. Elevated un-conjugated bilirubin in serum. During pre-hepatic jaundice, haemolytic anemia develops.

Urine color - Normal

Stool color - Normal

Pruritus  - No

Hepatic Jaundice

Impaired cellular uptake, defective conjugation or abnormal secretion of bilirubin by the liver cell. Both conjugated and un-conjugated  bilirubin may be elevated in serum.

Symptoms 

Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Crigler-Najjar Syndrome
Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
Rotor’s Syndrome

Diagnostic Test result -

Urine color - Dark
Stool color - Normal 
Pruritus - No

Post hepatic / Obstructive/ Surgical jaundice

Obstructive jaundice caused by following factors :-

1. Failure of hepatocyte to initiates bile flow.
2. Obstruction of bile flow in the bile duct or portal tracts.
3. Obstruction of bile flow in the extra-hepatic bile duct.
4. Bilirubin formation rate is normal.
5. Conjugation is normal equal to direct bilirubin.

Symptoms 

Gallstone

Malignancy

Inflammation

Diagnostic Test result 

Urine color - Dark

Stool color - Acholic

Pruritus - Yes

Some other type of Jaundice-

Pathologic Jaundice

Pathologic jaundice can occur in children and adults and is diagnosed when jaundice presents a health risk. Several forms of hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver and other liver diseases, bile duct blockage, along with infections and medications, can also cause pathological jaundice.

Gilbert Syndrome jaundice

Gilbert's syndrome is a harmless hereditary condition that results in mild jaundice. During times of illness or stress, people with Gilbert's syndrome will experience low levels of some bilirubin-processing enzymes in their livers. Once diagnosed, Gilbert's syndrome does not require further medical treatment.

Obstructive Jaundice

Obstructive jaundice caused by following factors :-

• Failure of hepatocyte to initiates bile flow.
• Obstruction of bile flow in the bile duct or portal tracts.
• Obstruction of bile flow in the extra-hepatic bile duct.
• Bilirubin formation rate is normal.
• Conjugation is normal equal to direct bilirubin.

Neonatal Jaundice

Jaundice is clinically detectable in the newborn when the serum bilirubin levels are greater than 85 μmol/L. This occurs in approximately 60% of term infants and 80% of preterm infants.

Neonatal jaundice first becomes visible in the face and forehead. Blanching reveals the underlying color. Jaundice then gradually becomes visible on the trunk and extremities.

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Complete Detail : Jaundice Type Symptoms Causes Diagnostic Test Prevention Treatment

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