The skin is the largest and probably the most versatile organ of the body.
Functions of skin
- Protective covering.
- Aids in the regulation of body temperature.
- Houses sensory receptors..
- Contains sensory (somatic) nerve endings of pain, temperature and touch.
- Synthesizes various chemical substances.
- Persons are recognized and their ages are often judged by their skin characteristics.
- Protects the underlying structures from injury and from invasion by microbes.
Structure of skin
The skin has a surface area of about 1.5 to 2 m2 in adults and it contains glands, hair and nails.
The skin is composed of two distinct layers of tissues. The outer layer, called the epidermis, contains stratified squamous epithelial cells. The inner layer, or dermis, is thicker than the epidermis, and it includes a variety of tissues, such as epithelial tissue, fibrous connective tissue, smooth muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and blood. Between the skin and underlying structures there is a layer of subcutaneous fat.
Beneath the dermis are masses of loose connective and adipose tissues that bind the skin to underlying organs. This is called the subcutaneous layer.
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| Structure of skin |
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